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GLOSSARY

Lending, Banking Technology & AI Glossary

Definitions connected to architecture and implementation context.

LOS

Loan Origination System

A system for application intake, data checks, credit assessment, rules/scorecards and approval workflow before a loan becomes active.

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LMS

Loan Management System

The post-approval servicing system for accounts, schedules, interest, fees, payments, allocation and lifecycle events.

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PAYMENT

Payment Allocation

Rules defining how an incoming payment is applied to fees, interest, principal or other components.

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INTEREST

Interest Engine

A calculation capability separating formula, day-count, rate source, rounding, calendars and calculation-triggering events.

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LEDGER

Operational Ledger

Account- or contract-level records of events and balances supporting servicing, reconciliation and accounting events.

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GL

General Ledger

The enterprise accounting book receiving postings under the Chart of Accounts and accounting rules.

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CONTROL

Reconciliation

The process of comparing balances, counts and statuses across systems to identify and resolve differences.

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AI

AI Gateway

A layer between applications and model services for authentication, policy, routing, logging, quotas and model abstraction.

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AI

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)

An approach where a model uses retrieved knowledge at answer time, requiring source, access, metadata, citation and evaluation controls.

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AI

Model Runtime

The serving layer for approved models, including inference endpoints, routing, versions and capacity.

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AI

AI Evaluation

Measurement of AI quality and failure modes against the real task, such as accuracy, completeness, latency and review effort.

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CONTROL

AI Governance

Definition of ownership, risk, data boundary, approved models, access, evaluation, approval and audit evidence.

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AI

Private AI

An approach to AI within organization-defined data, control and operating boundaries—not merely on-premises hosting.

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AI

Document AI

Document processing that goes beyond OCR into classification, extraction, validation, cross-checking and human review.

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LENDING

Rule Engine

A capability that separates business rules from workflow so rules can be governed and changed systematically.

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PROCESS

Workflow Engine

A capability for sequencing tasks, states, ownership, SLA and approval paths in a process.

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